X-ray apparatus

ABSTRACT

379,801. R÷ntgen-ray tubes. SIEMENS-REINIGER-VEIFA GES. FœR MEDIZINISCHE TECHNIK, 58, Mohrenstrasse, Berlin. June 30, 1931, No. 18885. Convention date, July 8, 1930. [Class 39 (i ). ] A closed holder affording protection against high potentials and radiation comprises two insulating sheaths 1, 2 (e.g. of porcelain) surrounding the tube 18 and united by an earthed metal sleeve 4 through which is led the inlet and outlet pipes of an anode cooling system. The sheaths 1, 2 have converging lead-in sockets 7, 8 strengthened by webs 9, for the earthed metal sheathed cables 13. The sheaths 1, 2 have metal sheathing connected to the metal centre 4 and the cables 13. For protection against radiation the metal sheathing may be of lead or lead salts may be included in the porcelain composition of the sheaths 1, 2. The cooling fluid enters through a connection 21 and an insulating tube 22, and may leave by a pipe surrounding these. If an insulating cooling medium is not used (e.g. oil or compressed air) the resistance along the fluid between the anode and the metal centre 4 must be high. For this purpose the pipe system includes inflow and outflow coils 23, 24.

May 9, 1933. w. zEYss ET A1. 1,907,640

X-RAY APPARATUS Filed July 8, 1931 A Tref/Vars Patented May 9, 1933 4`UNITED STATES PATlazfla-'rv oFFlcEg WERNER znYss, or BnRmN-oHARLoTTnNBo-RG, Ann KARL NIEMANN, on BERLIN, GERMANY, AssIGNoRs To FIRM SIEMENS narnienn-vnnA, GESELLSCHAFT FR MEDIZINIscHE TEcHNrK M. n. n., or BERLIN, GERMANY X-RAY- APPARATUS Application filed LTuy 8, l1931,7Sera1 No. 549,384, and in. Germany July 8, 1930.

A VThis invention relates to improvements in X-rayapparatus and has particular refern ence to a Roentgen tube holder.

An obj ect of the invention is to provide an improved Roentgen tube holder of asimple construction which is X-ray-,proof land fully protected against high voltage.- i

A further object is to .provide an iadequate holder for Roentgen tubes of small dimensions, which are nowused in the art and which are protected against high voltage to such an extent that grounded bodies may be safely arranged in a close proximity to their discharge zone. l

Another object of this invention is to improve the insulating properties of Roentgen tube holders by providing them with light and thin cables insulated for voltage ranging from 100 kv. to 200 kv.,-which have not been used for this purposehe'retofore and which comprise metallic braidings capable of being grounded.

Yet another object of this inventionis to provide an easily movable Roentgen tube x holder, wherein means for cooling the anticathode are arranged within the casing.

Still another object is to provide a Roente gen tube holder, wherein only a small current flows to the earth, this being achieved by arranging very long helically wound cooling tubes acting as resistances within the holder.

The above and other objects will appear more clearly from the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which illustrates a preferred embodiment of the inventive idea.

In the drawing an apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention is shown in vertical section.

As shown, the apparatus comprises a Roentgen tube 3 closely surrounded on all sides by porcelain insulators 1 and 2 provided with screw threads at their ends near the middle of the tube. The insulators 1 and 2 are f threaded onto a metal member or cylinder 4 provided with corresponding screw threads 5 and covering a part of the insulators situated opposite the middle of the Roentgen tube. A metallic conductive X-ray window 6 is used for transmitting X-rays emanating from the anticathode of the tube. Porcelain tubes 7 and 8 forma continuation ofthe insulators 1 and 2 in the proximity of the anode and cathode of the Roentgen tube and are supported in their positions with respect to the latter by means of stays 9 and 10. High voltage cables comprising cores 11, insulating servings 12 and metallic braidings 13 are arrangedwithin the tubes 7 and 8, the cable leading to the cathode of the Roentgen tube beingconnected with a plug box 14 adapted to. receive plug contacts 15 of the cathode covering 16 and thus being adapted to supply the working current and the heating currents to the cathode. The cable leading to the anode of the tube is connected with the con-V tact body 17 which is connected with the anode by'means of a resilient spring 25, the opposite ends of the two cables being connected with al properly insulated high-voltage current supply ata wall of the X-ray room.V The exterior surfaces of the two insulators 1 and 2 containing the Roentgen tube are completely covered with a layer 26 consisting of a conducting material electrically connected with the metal cylinder 4 and the metallic braidings 13 of the two cables. The whole system is grounded and the cables are connected with the current supply in such a way that beginning with the place where the cables enter the X-ray room, all the vparts of the apparatus having a high voltage are` separated by a grounded metallic layer from the exterior. 4 f

We prefer to make this layer out of ametal which absorbs X-rays, for instance, lead, which may be used where protection against X-rays is needed, the lead being applied by means of the spraying process known in the prior art.A Itis also possibleto make the apparatus `X-ray-proof by providingl additional porcelain masses either on the total exterior surface of the apparatus or in parts thereof. n i y v The anode is cooled by means conveying the cooling substance through the grounded con. necting cylinder 4 to the anticathode tube 19, said means comprisingfa connecting branch 2l and a tube -27 made out of `an insulatingV material and shown by broken lines in the drawing. The cooling substance is prefer- 'ably led out of the apparatus by an outlet tube 22 surrounding the above inlet tube 27. Due to the fact that the branch 21 is grounded, the cooling substance must have insulating properties, as for instance, oil or compressed air, or the cooling tubes situated between the anticathode and the metal cylinder 4 must have a very high resistance.

The Roentgen tube 3 is provided with a yglass covering 18 which increases the insulating properties of the apparatus to such an extent that no short circuits can arise between the interior Vof the Roentgen tube and the grounded metal parts. The diameter of the Roentgen tube used in connection with this apparatus is comparatively'small, so that the whole device is light and'can be easily moved from place to place.

As shown in the drawing, the insulating tubes 7 and 8 are arranged in such a way that they converge towards the middle of the Roentgen tube holder, so that the two cables can be easily handled. l/Ve prefer to support those cables at a convenient distance from the Roentgen tube holder, for instance, in the middleV between the wall and the container and thus make the device easily movable.

We claim: j

l. In an X-ray apparatus, a Roentgen tube, insulators partially enclosing said tube, the exterior surfaces of said insulators being covered by a metal layer, means compris- A ing a metalmember for connecting said insulators, insulating tubes connected with said insulators and carryingv high-voltage cables connected with said Roentgen tube, 'and means for cooling the anode of said Roentgen tube, the last-mentioned means being situated within said insulators and comprising connections projecting through the firstmentioned connecting means.

2. In an X-ray apparatus, a Roentgen tube, insulators partially enclosing said tube, the

3exterior` surfaces of said insulators being exterior surfaces of said insulators beingcovered by a metal layer, means comprising a metal member for connecting said insulators, each one of said insulators comprising a tubular projection forming an integral part of said insulator, and high-voltage Vcables connected Vwith said Roentgen tube, each one of said cables being carried by a separate projection.

4. In an X-ray apparatus, a Roentgen tube, tw'o insulators enclosing the ends of said tube, the exterior lsurfaces of said insulators being covered by a metal layer, means comprising al metal member for connecting said insulators, each oneV of said insulators comprising a tubular member forming an integral part of said insulator and projecting towards the middle of the apparatus, and high-voltage cables connected with said Roentgen tube, each one of said cables being carried by a separate projection.

5. In an X-ray apparatus, a Roentgen tube, insulators partially enclosing said tube, the exterior surfaces of said insulators being covered by an X-ray proof metal layer, and means comprising a metal member for connecting said insulators, each one of said insulators comprising a tubular projection forming an integral part'of said insulator, and high-voltage cables connected with said Roentgen tube, each one of said cables being carried by a separate projection.

6. In an X-ray apparatus, a Roentgen tube, insulators partially enclosing said tube, the exterior surfaces of said insulators being .covered by a metal layer, means comprising a metal member for connecting said insulators, each one of said insulators comprising a tubular projection forming an integral part of said insulator, high-voltage cables connected with said Roentgen tube, each one of said cables being carried by a separate projection, and a metal braiding signatures. Y

' KARL NIEMANN. WERNER ZEYSS.

we have afiixed our 

